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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Carbonic Anhydrase Isozyme (CA)
- Target
- CA
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Metalloenzyme
01
Overview
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a family of zinc-containing metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (CO2) to bicarbonate (HCO3-) and protons (H+). This reaction is fundamental for maintaining acid-base balance and facilitating CO2 transport in various physiological processes. There are at least 16 different CA isozymes identified in mammals, each with distinct tissue distributions, cellular localizations, and biophysical properties. Certain CA isozymes have been validated as therapeutic targets in glaucoma, stroke, and cancer.
- Other names
- Carbonate dehydrataseCarbonic anhydrase IICarbonic anhydrase IVCarbonic anhydrase IXCarbonic anhydrase XII
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase activity, preventing the conversion of CO2 to bicarbonate and protons.
03
Biological functions
Regulation of intracellular pHTransport/excretion of CO2RespirationElectrolyte secretionUrea productionBone resorptionLipogenesisGluconeogenesisCarbon capture
04
Disease associations
GlaucomaStrokeRetinitis pigmentosaCancerHypoxic tumors
05
Safety considerations
Off-target inhibition due to widespread expression among isoforms
06
Interacting drugs
Acetazolamide
1 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
CA IXCA XII
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