Carbonic Anhydrase Isozyme II (CA II)

Carbonic anhydrase isozyme II (CA II) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) and protons (H⁺). It plays a key role in pH regulation, respiration, ion transport, and various physiological processes. Deficiency or mutations in CA II cause osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis. Overexpression or altered expression has been observed in neovessels within certain cancers. It's found highly expressed in red blood cells, renal tubules, gastric mucosa, pancreatic cells, brain oligodendrocytes, choroid plexus epithelium, and myelin sheaths.

Catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) and protons (H⁺).