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Carnitine Acyltransferase (CAT)
- Target
- CAT
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Transferase
01
Overview
Carnitine acyltransferases enable critical steps in lipid metabolism by shuttling fatty acids into mitochondria via reversible transfer between CoA and carnitine. Their unique structural features facilitate substrate binding/catalysis through conserved histidine residues within an active-site tunnel. Tight regulation ensures proper energy homeostasis; dysfunction leads to significant disease risk making them important drug targets.
- Other names
- Carnitine acetyltransferaseCrATCarnitine octanoyltransferaseCrOTCarnitine palmitoyltransferase ICPT-ICarnitine palmitoyltransferase IICPT-II
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-I)
03
Biological functions
Fatty acid transportRegulation of beta-oxidationCellular energy metabolismRegulation of CoA/acyl-CoA ratiosShort-chain fatty acid metabolism
04
Disease associations
Metabolic disordersType 2 diabetesObesityImpaired lipid metabolism
05
Safety considerations
Potential for severe metabolic disorders if inhibited inappropriately.
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