Catenin beta-1 mutant neoantigen peptides (CTNNB1 mutant neoantigen peptides)

CTNNB1 mutant neoantigen peptides are tumor-specific antigens derived from somatic mutations in the CTNNB1 gene, which encodes the beta-catenin protein (MedlinePlus). These mutations typically occur in exon 3 at key regulatory residues such as Ser33, Ser37, Thr41, and Ser45, leading to the stabilization and nuclear translocation of beta-catenin, which drives oncogenic Wnt signaling (NIH, MDPI). The resulting mutant peptides are processed and presented by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules on the cell surface, where they can be recognized by T cells (NIH). As these neoantigens are not expressed in healthy tissues, they represent ideal targets for precision immunotherapy, including T-cell receptor (TCR) engineered T-cell therapies, personalized cancer vaccines, and bispecific antibodies (Nature Immunology, Cancer.gov). Targeting these neoantigens allows for the selective elimination of cancer cells while minimizing off-target toxicity to normal cells (ResearchGate). Clinical and preclinical efforts are currently focused on developing therapies for CTNNB1-mutant cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and various solid tumors (NIH, News-Medical). These therapies aim to overcome the challenges of targeting the intracellular beta-catenin protein by focusing on its surface-presented mutant fragments (Nature Immunology).

Other names

Beta-catenin mutant neoantigensCTNNB1 neoantigenic peptidesMutant beta-catenin peptidesCTNNB1-derived neoantigensMutation-associated neoantigens (MANAs) of CTNNB1

Induction of T-cell mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells by recognizing mutant CTNNB1 peptides presented on HLA molecules.