CD10-negative neutrophil

CD10-negative neutrophils are immature forms of neutrophils that lack surface expression of the maturity marker CD10 (also known as membrane metalloendopeptidase, MME)[4][5]. These cells are typically released prematurely from the bone marrow during states of stress or disease, such as infection, inflammation, cancer, and following administration of growth factors like G-CSF[4][5]. Functionally, they differ from mature (CD10-positive) neutrophils by exhibiting altered immune responses. For example: - They may have reduced capacity to generate neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), lower phagocytic ability against bacteria, but increased degranulation and protease release[4]. - In some contexts—such as severe COVID-19—they display hyperactive phenotypes with increased secondary granule exocytosis and surface protease activation[4]. - They can modulate adaptive immunity by releasing soluble factors that enhance Th1-type responses via induction of cytokines like IL-12 and IFN-gamma in T-cells[1]. The presence or expansion of CD10-negative/immature neutrophils is associated with various pathological conditions including infections (e.g., viral infections like CMV and COVID‑19), inflammatory diseases (e.g., vasculitis), autoimmune disorders (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus), cancer progression, and poor wound healing outcomes[1][4]. Note: "CD10-negative neutrophil" refers to a cell population defined by absence of a specific surface protein rather than a discrete molecular target. It is not itself a therapeutic target such as an enzyme or receptor; rather it serves primarily as an immunophenotypic biomarker for immature myeloid cells in research and clinical diagnostics. Therefore, is_target should be set to false, and is_incorrect should be set to true because this entry describes a cell phenotype/population—not an individual molecule/receptor suitable for direct pharmacological targeting.

Other names

Immature neutrophilCD10− neutrophilCD10-negative granulocyte