Molecular Classification
Receptor, Immunoglobulin superfamily
Other Names
CD16a, FCGR3A
Disease Roles
Fc gamma receptor IIIa Overview
Fc gamma receptor IIIa (CD16a) is a low-affinity receptor for the Fc portion of IgG, primarily expressed on NK cells, macrophages, and some monocytes. It plays a central role in ADCC, phagocytosis, and cytokine production, making it a key target for therapeutic antibodies and implicated in autoimmune disease mechanisms. Surface expression is regulated by proteolytic shedding.
Mechanism of Action
Engagement with Fc region of IgG on antibody-coated cells, leading to NK cell activation and cytotoxicity or macrophage phagocytosis.
Biological Functions
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
Phagocytosis
Cytokine production
Immune response
Disease Associations
Autoimmune diseases
Cancer
Infection
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Safety Considerations
- Potential for inflammatory reactions
- Downregulation of surface expression after activation
Interacting Drugs
Therapeutic antibodies