CD4+ T-cell receptor recognizing Graminaceae allergen-derived peptides (Grass pollen-specific TCR)

CD4+ T-cell receptors (TCRs) recognizing Graminaceae allergen-derived peptides are specialized protein complexes on the surface of helper T lymphocytes that mediate the immune system's hypersensitivity to grass pollens (Archila et al., 2014, Journal of Immunology). These receptors identify specific epitopes from grass allergens, such as those from Phleum pratense (Timothy grass), when presented by MHC class II molecules like HLA-DRB1 (Wambre et al., 2011, Science Translational Medicine). In allergic individuals, the engagement of these TCRs predominantly activates Th2 cells, which orchestrate the allergic cascade including IgE synthesis and eosinophil recruitment. These TCRs serve as the functional target for allergen immunotherapy (AIT), which seeks to reprogram the T-cell response from a pathogenic Th2 profile to a tolerant state characterized by regulatory T cells (Tregs) and IgG4-producing B cells (Jutel et al., 2015, JACI). Therapeutic strategies involve the administration of standardized allergen extracts or synthetic peptides to induce desensitization or anergy in these specific T-cell populations. Monitoring the frequency and phenotype of TCRs using MHC-peptide tetramers provides a high-resolution biomarker for assessing the success of clinical interventions in allergic rhinitis and asthma (Sabatino et al., 2016, Nature Reviews Immunology).

Other names

Grass pollen-specific T-cell receptorGramineae-specific TCRPhl p-specific TCRPoaceae-specific TCRTimothy grass allergen-specific TCRGrass pollen-specific CD4+ T-cell receptor

Induction of immunological tolerance through T-cell anergy, clonal deletion, or immune deviation from a pro-allergic Th2 phenotype to a regulatory T-cell (Treg) or Th1-type response.