CD44 (Cluster of Differentiation 44) and Receptor for Hyaluronan-Mediated Motility (RHAMM) (CD44 and RHAMM)

“Extracellular matrix and cell surface hyaluronic acid receptors” is not a single molecule but a description of a set of receptors—primarily CD44 and RHAMM—that bind hyaluronic acid (HA), a glycosaminoglycan found abundantly in the extracellular matrix. These receptors are integral membrane proteins involved in cell adhesion, migration, and signal transduction, mediating both physiological processes (like wound healing, immune response, and tissue hydration) and pathological events (such as inflammation and tumor progression). HA receptor signaling is highly context-dependent: CD44 and RHAMM regulate cellular activities via their interaction with HA polymers of diverse sizes, influencing inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer development. Depending on the experimental or clinical context, therapeutic strategies may aim to modulate these receptors or their HA interactions to inhibit disease progression.

Other names

CD44 (for Cluster of Differentiation 44)RHAMM (for Receptor for Hyaluronan-Mediated Motility; also known as HMMR)ICAM-1 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1; secondary, less prominent hyaluronic acid receptor)LYVE-1 (Lymphatic Vessel Endothelial Hyaluronan Receptor 1; less prominent)HARE (Hyaluronic Acid Receptor for Endocytosis; also known as Stabilin-2)

Blocking HA-CD44 signaling inhibits tumor cell growth by interfering with cell proliferation and migration. Modulating HA-RHAMM interaction can inhibit tumor progression and influence immune cell trafficking. Hyaluronan receptor antagonists disrupt inflammatory or tumor supportive signaling by interfering with extracellular matrix interactions.