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Target intelligence / Profile preview
CD59 glycoprotein (CD59)
- Target
- CD59
- Molecular classification
- Glycoprotein, LY6/uPAR/alpha-neurotoxin protein family, GPI-anchored protein
01
Overview
CD59 glycoprotein is a GPI-anchored protein that acts as a potent inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex (MAC), preventing host cell lysis. It is ubiquitously expressed and plays a critical role in protecting cells from complement-mediated damage. Its deficiency leads to diseases like paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, while its overexpression in tumors contributes to immune evasion, making it a potential therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy.
- Other names
- ProtectinMembrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (MIRL)MAC-inhibitory protein (MAC-IP)
02
Mechanism of action
Blocks the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) by binding to C8 and C9, preventing C9 polymerization and insertion into the cell membrane.
03
Biological functions
Complement inhibitionRegulation of cell lysisImmune evasionRegulation of insulin secretion
04
Disease associations
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuriaCancerNeurodegenerative disease
05
Safety considerations
Inhibition may lead to complement-mediated lysis of healthy cells if not targeted carefully.Upregulation in tumors contributes to immune evasion; targeting needs to consider potential off-target effects.
06
Biomarkers
CD59 expression level in tumor cells (predictive biomarker for response to antibody-dependent complement-mediated cytotoxicity)CD59 deficiency on red blood cells (diagnostic biomarker for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria)
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