Cell Cycle Progression Machinery (S-phase Arrest)

The cell cycle progression machinery related to S-phase arrest encompasses a network of proteins and regulatory complexes that control the orderly progression of cells through the S-phase, dedicated to DNA synthesis. S-phase arrest halts DNA replication, preventing cell division. Key components include cyclins (E, A), cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), CDK inhibitors (CKIs) like p21 and p27, and E2F transcription factors. Mechanisms leading to S-phase arrest involve the DNA damage response, the p53 pathway, and pharmacological induction. Arresting cells in S phase prevents the propagation of damaged genomes and is exploited therapeutically by anti-cancer agents that trigger irreversible arrest leading to apoptosis. Targeting cyclins/CDKs or their regulators is a strategy for cancer therapy.

Other names

S-phase checkpointDNA replication checkpointCell cycle S phase regulation

Inhibition of CDKs; activation of checkpoint kinases; induction of CKIs