Cell growth regulator with ring finger domain 1 (CGRRF1)

Cell growth regulator with ring finger domain 1 (CGRRF1) is a transmembrane protein with an N-terminal RING-finger zinc finger domain that acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and functions as a tumor suppressor. It negatively regulates cell growth by promoting the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of EGFR, thereby attenuating AKT pathway signaling. CGRRF1 loss or reduced expression is associated with increased cell proliferation and poorer prognosis in multiple cancers, including breast and endometrial cancers. It is also involved in endoplasmic reticulum–associated degradation and regulates secretion of Wnt proteins. Induction of CGRRF1 expression (for example, by metformin treatment) suppresses tumor cell proliferation and may serve as a tissue biomarker for therapeutic response.

Other names

RNF197CGR19RING finger protein 197cell growth regulatory gene 19 proteinCGRRF1

Metformin-induced expression leads to suppression of cancer cell proliferation via increased ubiquitination and degradation of EGFR and reduced AKT signaling.