Cell surface receptors and adhesion molecules engaged by Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo receptors) (MSC-Exo receptors)

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (30-150 nm) that serve as critical mediators of paracrine signaling and tissue regeneration (Kalluri & LeBleu, 2020, Science). This target entry refers to the complex array of surface proteins, including tetraspanins (CD9, CD63, CD81) and adhesion molecules (integrins like α4β1, ICAM-1, and CD44), that govern the interaction between these exosomes and their target cells (Thery et al., 2018, J Extracell Vesicles). These molecules facilitate tissue-specific homing and the subsequent internalization of exosomes via endocytosis or membrane fusion, allowing for the delivery of bioactive miRNAs and proteins (Zhang et al., 2019, Biomaterials). In therapeutic contexts, these interactions are exploited to treat inflammatory conditions, myocardial infarction, and chronic wounds by modulating the local microenvironment. However, because this 'target' represents a heterogeneous collection of molecules rather than a single protein, it is considered a multi-component system or a therapeutic platform. Safety considerations include the potential for off-target effects and the need for rigorous characterization of exosomal surface markers to ensure consistent efficacy (Witwer et al., 2019, J Extracell Vesicles).

Other names

MSC-Exo surface proteinsMSC-EV adhesion moleculesMesenchymal stem cell exosome markersMSC-derived extracellular vesicle receptors

MSC-derived exosomes interact with recipient cells through surface receptors (e.g., TLRs, TGF-beta receptors) and adhesion molecules (e.g., integrins, CD44) to trigger intracellular signaling cascades or facilitate vesicle internalization via endocytosis or membrane fusion, thereby delivering therapeutic cargo like miRNAs and proteins (Kalluri & LeBleu, 2020, Science).