Cellular Integrins and Extracellular Matrix Adhesion Receptors (Integrins/ECM Receptors)

Cellular integrins and other extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion receptors are a broad class of transmembrane proteins that facilitate cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions (Source: PubMed, PMID: 25103793). Integrins, the most well-characterized members, are heterodimeric receptors composed of alpha and beta subunits that mediate bidirectional signaling, linking the extracellular environment to the intracellular actin cytoskeleton (Source: UniProt). Other receptors in this category include syndecans, CD44, and discoidin domain receptors, which also contribute to mechanotransduction and structural integrity (Source: NIH, National Cancer Institute). These receptors are pivotal in physiological processes such as wound healing, immune cell trafficking, and hemostasis, but their dysregulation is a hallmark of cancer metastasis and inflammatory diseases (Source: StatPearls). Therapeutic strategies often involve monoclonal antibodies or small molecule antagonists that block ligand binding sites, such as the RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motif, to inhibit pathological adhesion and signaling (Source: PubMed, PMID: 28851685). Clinical applications include the use of anti-platelet agents for cardiovascular events and anti-inflammatory biologics for autoimmune disorders like Crohn's disease (Source: FDA). Despite their therapeutic potential, targeting these receptors can lead to significant safety concerns, including impaired hemostasis and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections (Source: PubMed, PMID: 17047084).

Other names

Cell adhesion moleculesCAMsECM receptorsIntegrin familyAdhesion receptors

Competitive antagonism of ligand binding to the extracellular domain, preventing cell-matrix or cell-cell adhesion and inhibiting downstream intracellular signaling.