Cellular redox regulation

Cellular redox regulation refers to the integrated biological mechanisms that maintain the balance between oxidants (such as reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species) and antioxidants (including enzymes like superoxide dismutase and catalase, and molecules like glutathione and NADPH) within the cell[1][3][4]. This regulatory system is essential for proper cellular function, controlling processes such as signal transduction, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and responses to stress. Dysregulation of cellular redox balance is implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation[1][3]. Therapeutic strategies often involve modulating redox balance through antioxidants or targeting redox-sensitive proteins and signaling pathways, but due to the system-wide role of redox regulation, such interventions carry potential safety risks and must be precisely targeted to avoid adverse effects[3].

Other names

Redox regulationRedox signalingRedox homeostasisCellular redox balanceCellular redox state

Reduction of oxidative stress, modulation of redox-sensitive signaling pathways, modification of cysteine residues in redox-sensitive proteins[1][3]