Cellular signaling pathways

Cellular signaling pathways" is not a specific molecule, protein, or receptor but rather refers to the complex networks of molecular interactions that allow cells to communicate with each other and respond to their environment. These pathways involve various types of signals (such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and growth factors) that bind to specific receptors on target cells. The binding event triggers a cascade of intracellular events—often involving second messengers and protein kinases—that ultimately lead to changes in gene expression or cellular behavior. Major classes of receptors involved include G protein-coupled receptors, enzyme-coupled receptors (such as receptor tyrosine kinases), and ion channel receptors. Dysregulation of these pathways is implicated in numerous diseases including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic syndromes[1][3][6]. Because "cellular signaling pathways" encompasses many different molecules and mechanisms rather than a single defined target, it cannot be considered a therapeutic target itself.

Other names

Cell signaling pathwaysCellular signaling pathwaysSignal transduction pathwaysCell communication networks