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Central Nervous System Stimulation
- Molecular classification
- Physiological effect/process
01
Overview
Central nervous system "stimulation" is not a single molecule but an effect produced by various agents acting on multiple molecular targets within neural circuits responsible for arousal and alertness. The term encompasses both pharmacologic agents ("CNS stimulants") that act on specific proteins/receptors in neurons as well as non-pharmacologic interventions like electrical brain stimulation that alter network excitability at cellular/molecular levels.
02
Mechanism of action
Increases neural activity via enhanced neurotransmitter action/electrical modulation
03
Biological functions
Increased alertnessEnhanced attentionElevated energy levelsImproved physical activity
04
Disease associations
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)NarcolepsyDepression
05
Safety considerations
InsomniaAnxiety/agitationIncreased risk for cardiovascular events due to elevated blood pressure/heart rateMisuse can lead to dependence or other health risks
06
Interacting drugs
Amphetamines (e.g., dextroamphetamine)
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