Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5)

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), also known as RANTES, is a member of the CC chemokine family and is a key proinflammatory peptide secreted by many cell types, including T cells, platelets, macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial, epithelial, and endometrial cells[1][2][3][4][5][6]. Its main function is to attract and activate immune cells (such as T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, NK cells, mast cells, and basophils) to sites of inflammation or infection, contributing to immune responses and the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases[1][2][4][6]. CCL5 plays roles in infection control, but also in chronic inflammation, autoimmune disorders, atherosclerosis, and cancer; its blockade or modulation is being explored therapeutically, and it is notable for its role in suppressing HIV infection through competitive inhibition at the CCR5 receptor[1][2][5][6]. Expression is tightly regulated, particularly in T lymphocytes, and its diverse actions present therapeutic opportunities and challenges due to its context-dependent effects on immunity and inflammation[2][4].

Other names

RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted)Eosinophil chemotactic cytokineEoCP

Chemokine receptor antagonism (blocking interaction with CCR1, CCR3, CCR5), Inhibition of immune cell recruitment, Suppression of viral entry (notably HIV via CCR5 blockade)