Cholesterol-containing plasma membrane

Cholesterol-containing plasma membranes are essential eukaryotic structures where cholesterol regulates fluidity, thickness, and the formation of lipid rafts (Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2000). These membranes act as a physical barrier and a scaffold for signaling proteins, influencing processes like endocytosis and transmembrane signaling (Journal of Cell Science, 2011). In pharmacology, they are the primary off-target site for polyene antifungals like Amphotericin B, which binds to cholesterol in human cells, causing pore formation and subsequent toxicity such as hemolysis and nephrotoxicity (StatPearls, 2023). Additionally, cholesterol-rich domains are exploited by pathogens, including HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, for host cell entry, making membrane cholesterol a target for antiviral strategies (Frontiers in Physiology, 2020). Research also highlights the role of membrane cholesterol in modulating amyloid-beta production in Alzheimer's disease and promoting oncogenic signaling in various cancers (Journal of Lipid Research, 2016).

Other names

Cholesterol-rich membraneLipid raftsCholesterol-containing lipid bilayerSterol-containing membrane

Direct binding to membrane cholesterol leading to pore formation, membrane permeabilization, or sequestration of cholesterol to disrupt lipid raft-mediated signaling (PubChem; Biochemical Journal, 2002).