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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Hormone-Sensitive Lipase (HSL)
- Target
- HSL
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Hydrolase
01
Overview
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is a key intracellular enzyme involved in lipid metabolism. It primarily catalyzes the hydrolysis of stored triglycerides, diglycerides, and monoglycerides within adipocytes and other tissues, releasing free fatty acids and glycerol. HSL also acts on cholesteryl esters and retinyl esters, contributing to cholesterol mobilization and vitamin A metabolism. HSL activity is tightly regulated by hormonal signals like catecholamines (activation) and insulin (inhibition), and its dysregulation is implicated in metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.
- Other names
- LIPEtriacylglycerol lipasediacylglycerol lipasecholesteryl ester hydrolase
02
Mechanism of action
Drugs inhibit HSL activity to reduce free fatty acid release and improve insulin sensitivity.
03
Biological functions
LipolysisHydrolysis of triglyceridesHydrolysis of diglyceridesHydrolysis of monoglyceridesCholesteryl ester hydrolysisRetinyl ester hydrolysisCholesterol mobilizationFatty acid mobilization
04
Disease associations
ObesityType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)Insulin resistanceMetabolic syndromeCardiovascular diseaseAbnormal fat accumulation
05
Safety considerations
Potential for dysregulation of normal fat mobilizationSide effects related to altering lipid metabolism
06
Biomarkers
Plasma-free fatty acid levels
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