Cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 1 subunit (nAChRα1)

The acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha 1 (nAChRα1) is a key component of muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). These receptors mediate fast synaptic transmission at neuromuscular junctions. The nAChRα1 subunit, encoded by the CHRNA1 gene, forms part of a pentameric receptor complex. Binding of acetylcholine to the α1 subunit triggers a conformational change, opening an ion channel and enabling cation influx (Na+, K+, Ca2+), resulting in membrane depolarization and muscle contraction. Mutations in CHRNA1 are associated with congenital myasthenic syndromes. Furthermore, nAChRα1 is the target of autoantibodies in myasthenia gravis.

Other names

CHRNA1Acetylcholine Receptor Subunit Alpha 1Muscle Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Alpha 1 Subunit

Agonist-induced channel opening leading to cation influx and membrane depolarization; Competitive antagonism leading to channel blockade.