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Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 pseudogene 12 (CSPG4P12) is a pseudogene-derived long non-coding RNA closely homologous to the protein-coding CSPG4 gene. Unlike classic druggable protein targets, CSPG4P12 is not a receptor, enzyme, or transporter, but a non-protein-coding pseudogene transcript. It is implicated in tumor suppression, as overexpression of CSPG4P12 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion in non-small cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer cell models, while promoting apoptosis potentially via the p53/Bcl2/Bax mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. CSPG4P12’s reduced expression has been observed in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, suggesting it may act as a transcriptional regulator or competing endogenous RNA in cancer biology.
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