Chromogranin A (CHGA)

Chromogranin A is a large acidic secretory glycoprotein encoded by the CHGA gene and is a core member of the granin family found in secretory vesicles of neuronal and endocrine cells, including chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, enterochromaffin-like cells of the gut, and beta-cells of the pancreas[2][3]. It is co-stored and co-released with catecholamines and peptide hormones, acting primarily as a precursor for multiple biologically active peptides such as vasostatin, pancreastatin, catestatin, and parastatin, which modulate neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and metabolic activities[2][3]. Chromogranin A is widely used as a clinical biomarker for neuroendocrine tumors (including carcinoid tumors and pheochromocytomas), and its circulating levels are associated with tumor burden, progression, and response to therapy[2][3]. It also plays roles in cardiovascular function, regulation of granule biogenesis and exocytosis, glucose metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and immune regulation[2][3]. Elevated levels can occur in a variety of non-malignant diseases, so clinical interpretation requires context. No drugs directly target chromogranin A as a therapeutic target; its main clinical utility is as a biomarker rather than a drug target[2][3].

Other names

Chromogranin-AParathyroid secretory protein 1CgAVasostatin-1Vasostatin-2PancreastatinCatestatinParastatinEA-92ES-43SS-18WA-8WE-14LF-19AL-11GV-19GR-44ER-37GE-25Serpinin-RRGSerpininp-Glu serpinin precursorSP-IPHE5PHESPituitary secretory protein IVasostatin IVasostatin IISL21betagraninchromofunginparathyroid secretory protein 1pituitary secretory protein I