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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Citrullinated Histone H4 (H4Cit)
- Target
- H4Cit
- Molecular classification
- Histone modification, Protein
01
Overview
Citrullinated histone H4 is a post-translationally modified form of histone H4 where specific arginine residues, notably Arg3, are converted to citrulline by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes. This modification alters chromatin structure and gene expression, particularly during neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. It acts as a regulatory "brake" on excessive NET release and is implicated in inflammatory diseases. It is a potential therapeutic target for modulating inflammation.
- Other names
- H4Cit3Histone H4 citrullinationCitrulline R3 histone H4
02
Mechanism of action
Currently, no drugs directly target citrullinated histone H4. Research focuses on modulating PAD enzymes to indirectly affect citrullination levels.
03
Biological functions
Chromatin organizationRegulation of gene expressionRegulation of NETosisDNA packagingTranscription regulationDNA repairReplicationMaintaining chromosomal stability
04
Disease associations
Inflammatory diseasesAutoimmune diseasesCancer (potentially, related to epigenetic regulation)NET-related pathologies
05
Safety considerations
Off-target effects of PAD inhibitorsPotential disruption of normal chromatin structure and gene expressionUnintended consequences of modulating NETosis
06
Biomarkers
H4Cit3 levels in serum or tissue samples (potential biomarker for inflammatory diseases and NETosis)
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