Classical swine fever virus (CSFV)

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a highly contagious and economically devastating pathogen affecting domestic and wild pigs, belonging to the genus Pestivirus within the family Flaviviridae (UniProt: P19712). It is the causative agent of Classical Swine Fever (CSF), a disease characterized by high fever, hemorrhages, and significant mortality, which poses a major threat to the global swine industry (Merck Veterinary Manual). The CSFV genome is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA encoding a polyprotein that is processed into structural proteins (C, Erns, E1, E2) and non-structural proteins (Npro, p7, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, NS5B) (NCBI Taxonomy: 11096). The E2 envelope glycoprotein is the primary target for neutralizing antibodies and the focus of most vaccine strategies, including live-attenuated strains like the C-strain and modern subunit vaccines (Viruses 2017, 9(8):222). Non-structural proteins, particularly the NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the NS3 protease/helicase, are key targets for the development of small-molecule antivirals such as ribavirin and experimental nucleoside analogs (Antiviral Research 2018, 153:1-10). Despite the availability of vaccines, the virus's ability to cause persistent infections and its high environmental stability remain significant challenges for eradication efforts.

Other names

Hog cholera virusPestivirus CPestivirus type 1

Neutralization of viral entry via E2 protein targeting; inhibition of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) activity; inhibition of viral protease (NS3) activity.