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Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1 (CPSF1)
- Target
- CPSF1
- Molecular classification
- Other (RNA-processing factor), can also be classified as an RNA-binding protein and component of a multiprotein complex (cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor complex)
01
Overview
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1 (CPSF1) is the largest subunit of the eukaryotic CPSF complex, which recognizes the AAUAAA polyadenylation signal and coordinates mRNA 3'-end processing by mediating cleavage and poly(A) addition to pre-mRNAs. CPSF1 modulates alternative polyadenylation and splicing, broadly regulating gene expression, cell cycle, and proliferation. Its upregulation is associated with tumorigenesis, while its interaction with the spliceosome links mRNA maturation to cancer, retinal diseases, and other conditions. CPSF1 is proposed as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target, though there are currently no approved drugs directly targeting this protein.
- Other names
- Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 160 kDa subunitCPSF160HSU37012MYP27P/cl.18Cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 1, 160kDapolyadenylation specificity factor
02
Mechanism of action
For research tools/genetic manipulation, mechanisms include: Knockdown/siRNA to reduce CPSF1 function, affecting mRNA processing and cell proliferation. Overexpression to increase alternative polyadenylation/splicing and drive oncogenesis.
03
Biological functions
mRNA 3'-end formationPre-mRNA processingRecognition of polyadenylation signalRegulation of alternative polyadenylation (APA)Regulation of alternative splicing (AS)Modulation of gene expressionRegulation of cell cycle and proliferation
04
Disease associations
Cancer (including hepatocellular carcinoma, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma)Myopia (early onset high myopia, autosomal dominant; retinal development)Diabetic retinopathyOther diseases through RNA regulation (e.g., viral infection)
05
Safety considerations
Therapeutic targeting could risk broad effects on mRNA maturation, with potential toxicity due to dysregulation of global gene expression, cell cycle, and apoptosis
06
Interacting drugs
No currently approved drugs directly target CPSF1 (as per public databases and literature). Experimental manipulation uses genetic knockdown or overexpression; no known small-molecule inhibitors in clinical use
07
Biomarkers
CPSF1 expression is a potential prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma and may serve as an indicator in other cancers
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