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Coagulation Factor XI (FXI)
- Target
- FXI
- Molecular classification
- Serine protease zymogen, Coagulation factor
01
Overview
Coagulation factor XI (FXI), also known as plasma thromboplastin antecedent (PTA), is a serine protease zymogen that plays a critical role in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. It circulates in plasma primarily as an inactive homodimer and is activated by factor XIIa, thrombin, or FXIa itself. Once activated to FXIa, it cleaves and activates factor IX (FIX), leading to thrombin generation and fibrin clot formation. Deficiency in FXI can cause a mild to moderate bleeding disorder. Emerging therapies target FXIa to prevent thrombosis, highlighting a complex role for FXI in both bleeding and clotting.
- Other names
- Factor XIPlasma thromboplastin antecedentPTAF11
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of FXIa activity (e.g., antisense oligonucleotides)
03
Biological functions
Blood coagulationHemostasisActivation of coagulation cascadeActivation of FIXThrombin generation
04
Disease associations
Factor XI deficiencyThrombosis (potential paradoxical role)
05
Safety considerations
Bleeding risk (in deficiency states)Thrombotic risk (with FXIa inhibitors - potential paradox)
06
Biomarkers
FXI activity levelsFXI antigen levelsF11 gene mutations
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