Coagulation Factors II, IX, X (Nonactivated) (N/A)

Coagulation factors II (prothrombin), IX, and X are vitamin K-dependent plasma proteins essential for the blood coagulation cascade. In their nonactivated forms, these proteins circulate in the bloodstream as inactive zymogens and become activated through specific proteolytic cleavage during hemostasis. Factor II (prothrombin) is the precursor to thrombin, which converts fibrinogen into fibrin, leading to clot formation. Factor IX functions primarily in the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, while factor X is a central component of the common pathway and is activated by both intrinsic and extrinsic tenase complexes.

Other names

Prothrombin, Factor IX, Factor X (Nonactivated)Factor II, IX, X (Zymogens)Vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors (Nonactivated)

Indirectly targeted by anticoagulants that inhibit their activation or function. Warfarin inhibits vitamin K-dependent carboxylation, leading to production of non-functional factors. Direct Factor Xa inhibitors directly inhibit the activated form of Factor X. Heparin enhances antithrombin, which inhibits several coagulation factors including thrombin and factor Xa.