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Cobalamin Transporter (B12 Transporter)
- Target
- B12 Transporter
- Molecular classification
- Transporter, Receptor, Binding Protein, ABC Transporter
01
Overview
Cobalamin transporters are proteins and receptor systems responsible for the uptake, transport, and cellular delivery of cobalamin (vitamin B12). In mammals, cobalamin absorption and distribution require a coordinated pathway involving several specific binding proteins and their corresponding receptors, including Haptocorrin, Intrinsic Factor, Transcobalamin II, Cubilin, and TCII-R. ABCD4 is a lysosomal membrane protein that transports cobalamin from lysosomes into the cytosol. In prokaryotes such as *Lactobacillus delbrueckii*, ECF-type ABC transporters mediate high-affinity ATP-dependent uptake of cobalamins. Defects or deficiencies in any component can result in clinical syndromes including megaloblastic anemia or neurological disorders.
- Other names
- Vitamin B12 TransporterHaptocorrinIntrinsic FactorTranscobalamin IICubilinTCII-RABCD4ECF-CbrT
02
Mechanism of action
Receptor-mediated endocytosis, ATP-dependent active transport
03
Biological functions
Cobalamin transportVitamin B12 uptakeCellular delivery of cobalaminAbsorption of cobalaminSystemic distribution of cobalamin
04
Disease associations
Megaloblastic anemiaNeurological disordersVitamin B12 deficiency
05
Safety considerations
Genetic polymorphisms affecting transporter proteins can cause disease statesDefects or deficiencies in binding proteins or receptors can result in impaired cobalamin uptake or utilization
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