Collagen type X alpha 1 chain (COL10A1) mRNA (COL10A1)

Collagen type X alpha 1 chain (COL10A1) mRNA encodes a short-chain collagen protein that is specifically expressed by hypertrophic chondrocytes during endochondral ossification (UniProt P08124). This molecule is essential for normal skeletal development, facilitating the transition of cartilage to bone by regulating matrix mineralization and vascular invasion (NCBI Gene ID: 1300). Mutations in the COL10A1 gene are the primary cause of Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (SMCD), a skeletal disorder characterized by short stature and bowed legs (PubMed: 15528493). In oncology, COL10A1 mRNA is significantly upregulated in the stroma of various solid tumors, including colorectal, breast, and gastric cancers, where it serves as a marker for tumor-associated vasculature and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (PubMed: 25001599). While no FDA-approved drugs currently target COL10A1 mRNA, it is being investigated as a therapeutic target using RNA interference (siRNA) and antisense oligonucleotides to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis (PubMed: 30655541). Additionally, it serves as a critical biomarker for monitoring chondrocyte hypertrophy in osteoarthritis and as a diagnostic indicator in several cancer types.

Other names

Collagen alpha-1(X) chain mRNAType X collagen mRNACOL10A1

Inhibition of translation via RNA interference (siRNA) or antisense oligonucleotide binding to reduce protein expression levels.