Complement component 1 Q subcomponent-like 1 (C1QL1)

Complement component 1 Q subcomponent-like 1 (C1QL1) is a secreted protein of the C1q family involved in diverse biological processes, especially in the central nervous system[1][2][3]. It is released by specific projection neurons such as climbing fibers in the cerebellum, where it binds to the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor BAI3 on Purkinje cells, orchestrating synapse formation, refinement, and maintenance critical for motor learning and proper synaptic connectivity[1][2][3]. C1QL1 is also present in the auditory system (cochlear hair cells), where it may support synaptic maintenance in sensory pathways[1]. Beyond the nervous system, C1QL1 exerts proangiogenic effects, promoting endothelial cell migration and vessel formation via ERK1/2 pathway activation[1]. In oncology, increased C1QL1 expression has been linked to tumor progression, invasiveness, and poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma and as a glioma-promoting factor, making it a possible therapeutic target and disease biomarker[1]. Its conserved RNA editing suggests finely tuned post-transcriptional regulation, with diverse roles in health and disease[1][2][3][6].

Other names

C1q-related factorC1QL1C1QRFCRFCTRP14C1q/TNF-related protein 14C1QTNF14Complement component 1 Q subcomponent-like 1