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Complement Component C1s (C1s)
- Target
- C1s
- Molecular classification
- Serine protease, Enzyme, Complement System Component
01
Overview
Complement C1s is a serine protease and a key component of the classical pathway of the complement system. It forms part of the C1 complex together with C1q and C1r. Upon activation by C1q binding to antibody-antigen complexes, C1s cleaves complement components C4 and C2, initiating the complement cascade. C1s also cleaves non-canonical substrates involved in tissue renewal and immunogenicity modulation. Its activity is regulated by C1 inhibitor (C1Inh), and deficiency can lead to hereditary angioedema. C1s serves as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for autoimmune and inflammatory conditions.
- Other names
- Complement esterase subcomponentC1sAC1s esteraseC1s subcomponent
02
Mechanism of action
Serine protease inhibitor
03
Biological functions
Immune responseComplement activationProteolysisOpsonizationInflammationCell lysis
04
Disease associations
Autoimmune disordersInflammatory conditionsHereditary angioedema
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects due to broad substrate specificityRisk of immunosuppression if complement pathway is excessively inhibitedUnregulated kinin pathways
06
Interacting drugs
C1-inhibitor (C1Inh)
07
Biomarkers
C1s levels as diagnostic marker for complement dysregulation
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