Cortical excitability modulation

"Cortical excitability modulation" does **not** refer to a specific molecule or receptor but rather describes the dynamic regulation of the balance between excitation and inhibition within regions of the cerebral cortex. This balance is crucial for processes such as neural plasticity, perceptual learning, sensory processing, and cognitive function. The main neurotransmitters involved in modulating cortical excitability are **GABA** (inhibitory) and **glutamate** (excitatory), which together shape the overall "excitatory state" in localized brain areas[1][2]. Changes in cortical excitability can be measured indirectly using techniques such as paired-pulse behavior assessments, magnetic resonance spectroscopy for GABA/glutamate levels, transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced phosphenes, or EEG alpha oscillations[1]. While interventions like neurofeedback or non-invasive brain stimulation can modulate baseline states of excitation to enhance learning outcomes or rehabilitation efficacy[1], "cortical excitability modulation" itself is not a discrete druggable entity but an emergent property arising from complex neuronal network interactions. In summary: "Cortical excitability modulation" is not a canonical molecular target but refers to physiological processes governing neural activity balance; it should not be listed as a therapeutic target molecule/receptor.

Other names

Cortical excitabilityModulation of cortical excitabilityExcitatory state of cortex