Molecular Classification
Neuron, Principal Neuron, Interneuron
Other Names
Cerebral Cortex Neurons, Neocortical Neurons, Pyramidal Neurons, Interneurons
Disease Roles
EpilepsySchizophreniaAutism Spectrum Disorder

Cortical Neurons Overview

Cortical neurons are the primary nerve cells located in the cerebral cortex, playing essential roles in memory, attention, perception, awareness, consciousness, and higher cognitive functions. The neocortex contains billions of these neurons organized into a six-layered structure. They include excitatory pyramidal neurons and inhibitory interneurons, which together form complex circuits underlying brain function. Their involvement in various neurological and psychiatric disorders makes them a major focus of neuroscience research.

Mechanism of Action

Biological Functions

Sensory Perception
Motor Control
Language Processing
Memory Formation
Executive Functions
Cognition
Information Processing
Neural Communication
Inhibition

Disease Associations

Epilepsy
Schizophrenia
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Cognitive Impairment
Neurodegenerative Diseases

Safety Considerations

  • Neuronal Excitotoxicity
  • Network Dysfunction
  • Off-target Effects on Neuronal Activity