Molecular Classification
Virus, Picornaviridae, Enterovirus, ssRNA virus
Other Names
CVA16, Coxsackievirus A type 16, Human enterovirus A16
Disease Roles
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD)Aseptic meningitis (rare)Encephalitis (rare)

Coxsackievirus A16 Overview

Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is a non-enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the species *Human enterovirus A*. It is a primary causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), especially in infants and young children. CA16 utilizes SCARB2 for uncoating and heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans for attachment to host cells. While most infections are mild, severe complications can occur. There are currently no specific antivirals approved; management remains supportive.

Mechanism of Action

Biological Functions

Viral replication
Infection
Host cell entry
Genome translation
Capsid assembly

Disease Associations

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD)
Aseptic meningitis (rare)
Encephalitis (rare)
Myocarditis (rare)
Pneumonia (rare)

Safety Considerations

  • Potential for severe complications (neurological, cardiac, respiratory) in rare cases
  • Antigenic variability and genetic recombination leading to altered virulence
  • Lack of specific antiviral treatments