Coxsackievirus A16 capsid protein (CVA16 capsid protein)

The Coxsackievirus A16 capsid protein refers to the structural viral proteins (primarily VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4) that assemble into an icosahedral shell, encapsulating the viral RNA genome. The capsid mediates essential viral processes including cell attachment, entry, and uncoating, and presents major antigenic sites targeted by neutralizing antibodies. The capsid interacts with host cell receptors such as heparan sulfate (attachment) and SCARB2 (uncoating receptor), enabling entry and subsequent infection. Small molecule inhibitors (capsid binders like GPP3) and vaccine candidates target this structure due to its critical role in viral infection and its antigenic properties[1][3][5][7]. The capsid is a validated therapeutic target for antiviral drugs and vaccines aimed at preventing or treating hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by Coxsackievirus A16.

Other names

CVA16 capsid proteinCVA16 structural protein (VP1, VP2, VP3, VP4)Coxsackievirus A16 capsidCoxsackievirus A16 structural protein

Inhibitors such as GPP3, NLD, and ALD bind to the hydrophobic pocket in the capsid protein VP1, stabilizing the virion and preventing the uncoating process required for viral genome release and replication[5]. Neutralizing antibodies block attachment to host receptors (heparan sulfate) or interfere with viral uncoating by preventing interaction with the uncoating receptor (SCARB2)[7].