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Diphtheria Toxin Mutant Carrier Protein (CRM197) (CRM197)

Target: CRM197
Molecular classification: Toxin (mutant), Carrier protein

Overview

CRM197 is a genetically detoxified, non-toxic mutant of diphtheria toxin. It is used as a carrier protein in conjugate vaccines to enhance the immunogenicity of polysaccharides and haptens. A single amino acid substitution (G52E) eliminates the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity responsible for toxicity. It retains strong immunogenic properties and facilitates a T-cell dependent immune response when conjugated to weakly immunogenic molecules.

Other names: Corynebacterium diphtheriae CRM197Corynebacterium diphtheriae cross-reacting material 197

Mechanism of action

CRM197 acts as a carrier protein, covalently linked to polysaccharides or haptens to convert them into T-cell dependent antigens, thereby enhancing antibody production against the target antigen in vaccines.

Biological functions

Enhances immunogenicity of antigensCarrier for conjugate vaccinesInduces T-cell dependent immune response

Disease associations

Prevention of bacterial infections (Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis)

Safety considerations

Generally considered non-toxic; some reports of residual toxicity in certain cell lines under specific conditions (not relevant to approved vaccine formulations)

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