CTP synthase 1 (CTPS1)

CTP synthase 1 is an enzyme encoded by the *CTPS1* gene and plays a crucial role in the de novo synthesis of cytidine triphosphate (CTP), a key nucleotide for DNA, RNA, and phospholipid biosynthesis. It is essential for the proliferation of T cells, making it a promising target for immunosuppressive therapies and treatments of lymphocyte cancers. CTPS1 is an asymmetrical homotetramer with three catalytically active monomers. It utilizes ATP, UTP, and glutamine for enzymatic activity. CTPS1 is up-regulated in activated lymphocytes, contributing to increased CTP pools necessary for cell proliferation. It is less sensitive to CTP feedback inhibition compared to CTPS2, allowing sustained activity in proliferating cells. Selective inhibition of CTPS1 is a promising strategy for treating autoimmune diseases and lymphocyte cancers while minimizing off-target effects.

Other names

CTPSGATD5ACTP synthetase 1UTP--ammonia ligase 1cytidine 5'-triphosphate synthetaseIMD24

Inhibition of CTP synthesis, mimicking CTP binding sites to halt nucleotide production