CX3C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1)

CX3CR1, also known as the fractalkine receptor or G-protein coupled receptor 13 (GPR13), is a transmembrane protein belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. It is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine receptor subfamily and specifically binds to its unique ligand, CX3CL1 (fractalkine). It mediates chemotaxis, adhesion, and cell survival. Dysregulation is implicated in multiple diseases, including atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. Polymorphisms in CX3CR1 can alter binding affinity for fractalkine and have been associated with disease susceptibility.

Other names

Fractalkine receptorGPR13G-protein coupled receptor 13

Triggers intracellular signaling cascades through G proteins; Modulates gene expression related to survival, proliferation, adhesion molecules; Acts via cell-cell contact or by creating gradients for directed migration.