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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha-1 subunit (CNGA1)
- Target
- CNGA1
- Molecular classification
- Ion channel, Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel
01
Overview
Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha-1 subunit (CNGA1) is the principal pore-forming subunit of the rod cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel in vertebrate photoreceptors. It assembles as a heterotetramer with three CNGA1 and one CNGB1 subunits to form the functional rod CNG channel, which is essential for the conversion of light-induced changes in cGMP concentration into electrical signals in the retina. CNGA1 allows for the influx of cations, including Ca²⁺ and Na⁺, when activated by intracellular cGMP, mediating phototransduction in low light (scotopic vision). It is a member of the cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel family and is critical for visual signal transduction; mutations are associated with retinitis pigmentosa and related visual disorders. The channel can be modulated by calmodulin and is subject to pharmacological inhibition by certain blockers such as L-cis-diltiazem.
- Other names
- Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1CNG-1CNG1Rod CNG channel alpha subunit
02
Mechanism of action
Channel blockade (e.g., by L-cis-diltiazem), allosteric modulation (by calmodulin and cyclic nucleotides such as cGMP/cAMP)
03
Biological functions
Signal transductionPhototransductionIon transport
04
Disease associations
Neurodegenerative disease (notably retinitis pigmentosa)Other (visual disorders)
05
Safety considerations
Targeting CNGA1 may disrupt visual signaling and could cause vision loss or impairment, especially night blindness or degeneration if function is inhibited chronically
06
Interacting drugs
L-cis-diltiazem
1 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Mutations in CNGA1 as biomarkers for genetic forms of retinitis pigmentosa
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