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Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 (COX-2)
- Target
- COX-2
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Oxidoreductase, Dioxygenase, Peroxidase
01
Overview
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (COX-2), also known as cyclooxygenase-2, is an inducible enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. It plays a key role in inflammation, pain, and fever. Unlike COX-1, COX-2 expression is typically low but can be rapidly induced by inflammatory stimuli. It is a target for NSAIDs, and its overexpression is associated with various diseases, including arthritis, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders.
- Other names
- Cyclooxygenase-2PTGS2
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of COX-2 enzyme activity, reducing the production of prostaglandins and other pro-inflammatory mediators.
03
Biological functions
Prostaglandin synthesisArachidonic acid metabolismInflammationPain responseProstanoid biosynthesis
04
Disease associations
InflammationArthritisCancerColon cancerNeurodegenerative diseaseAlzheimer's diseaseCardiovascular diseaseFever
05
Safety considerations
Gastrointestinal side effects (with non-selective NSAIDs)Cardiovascular events
06
Interacting drugs
Aspirin
3 more in the full profile.
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