Cynodon dactylon pollen allergens

Cynodon dactylon pollen allergens are the protein components of Bermuda grass pollen that elicit Type I hypersensitivity reactions in sensitized individuals. The major allergen, Cyn d 1, is a beta-expansin recognized by over 90% of grass-pollen-allergic patients (PMID: 10474032). Other significant allergens include Cyn d 7 (polcalcin) and Cyn d 12 (profilin), which often contribute to cross-reactivity with other grass and plant species (allergen.org). These allergens function by cross-linking allergen-specific IgE antibodies bound to the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) on mast cells and basophils. This molecular event triggers the release of inflammatory mediators like histamine, leukotrienes, and cytokines, leading to clinical manifestations such as allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma. Therapeutic management involves the use of antihistamines and corticosteroids to manage symptoms, while allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is used to induce long-term immunological tolerance (PMID: 26022868). AIT works by modulating the T-cell response, increasing the production of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and IgG4 antibodies that compete with IgE for allergen binding. Monoclonal antibodies like omalizumab can also be used to sequester circulating IgE, thereby preventing the initiation of the allergic response to these pollen proteins.

Other names

Bermuda grass pollen allergensCyn d allergensCynodon dactylon pollen extractImmune response to Cynodon dactylon pollen allergens

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) involves the administration of increasing doses of allergen extracts to induce immunological tolerance, characterized by the induction of regulatory T cells and the production of IgG4 blocking antibodies. Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the Fc region of free IgE, preventing its interaction with the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) on mast cells and basophils.