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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (CARS1)
- Target
- CARS1
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase[1][2][5]
01
Overview
Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (CARS1) is an essential enzyme in the cytoplasm that catalyzes the ATP-dependent ligation of cysteine to its cognate tRNA (tRNA^Cys), a key step in protein synthesis[1][2][5]. As one of twenty aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, CARS1 ensures the fidelity of genetic code translation by charging tRNA with its correct amino acid, thus enabling ribosomal incorporation into growing polypeptides. CARS1 is a class 1 synthetase characterized by a zinc-dependent mechanism for high specificity to cysteine and is encoded on chromosome 11p15.5, a region implicated in various cancers and genetic syndromes[1][2]. Alterations in this gene are associated with diverse pathologies, including cancer and developmental disorders[1][4].
- Other names
- Cysteine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmicCARSCysRSCysteinyl-tRNA synthetasecysteine tRNA ligase 1, cytoplasmicCYSRSMCDDBHMDBHcysteine translaseMGC:11246[1][5]
02
Biological functions
Protein synthesistRNA aminoacylationResponse to amino acid deprivation[1][2][4][5]
03
Disease associations
Cancer (including Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, lung, ovarian and breast cancers)Beckwith-Wiedemann syndromeMicrocephaly, developmental delay, brittle hair syndromeInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor[1][4]
04
Safety considerations
Potential impacts on global protein synthesis and cell viability if inhibitedpossible developmental and metabolic dysfunction due to its central role in protein translation[1][2][4]
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