Cytochrome (CYT)

Cytochromes are a diverse group of metal-dependent enzymes characterized by the presence of a heme group. They play crucial roles in electron transfer and redox reactions, particularly in cellular respiration, detoxification, and apoptosis. The iron atom within the heme group cycles between Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ states, facilitating electron transfer. Major families include cytochrome c, cytochrome P450, and cytochrome bd, each with distinct functions and locations within the cell. Cytochrome P450s are especially important for drug metabolism, and their activity can be influenced by genetic variations and interactions with other drugs.

Other names

CytochromesHeme enzymesElectron transfer proteins

Electron transfer via reversible oxidation/reduction of heme iron; Monooxygenase activity (P450s)