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Cytochrome b
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Integral membrane protein, Mitochondrial protein, Redox protein
01
Overview
Cytochrome b is an integral membrane protein and a core catalytic subunit of Complex III (ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase) in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Encoded by the MT-CYB gene on mitochondrial DNA, it facilitates electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c and contributes to proton pumping, essential for ATP synthesis. Mutations in MT-CYB can cause mitochondrial complex III deficiency, leading to severe metabolic disorders. It is also used in phylogenetic studies and drug design.
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of electron transfer within Complex III, blocking ATP production.
03
Biological functions
Electron transferProton gradient generationATP synthesis (indirectly)Cellular respiration
04
Disease associations
Mitochondrial complex III deficiencyMyopathyMultisystem disorders affecting high-energy tissues
05
Safety considerations
Mitochondrial toxicityOff-target effects on mitochondrial function
06
Interacting drugs
Quinone inhibitors
1 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
MT-CYB mutationsReduced Complex III activityElevated lactate levels (indicating impaired oxidative phosphorylation)
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