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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Cytochrome b5 type B (CYB5B)
- Target
- CYB5B
- Molecular classification
- Electron carrier protein, Heme-binding protein, Membrane protein (anchored in outer mitochondrial membrane), Enzyme activator (involved with oxygenases such as cytochrome P450), Member of the cytochrome b5 family
01
Overview
Cytochrome b5 type B is a small heme-binding electron carrier protein anchored in the outer mitochondrial membrane. It functions primarily as an electron donor to various enzymes, notably membrane-bound oxygenases such as cytochrome P450s, facilitating essential metabolic processes including fatty acid desaturation, elongation, and steroid/cholesterol biosynthesis. Its interaction with cytochrome P450s enables it to modulate drug metabolism, either enhancing or inhibiting enzyme activity in a substrate-dependent manner. The protein consists of around 150 amino acids in humans, is encoded by the CYB5B gene, and contains conserved heme-binding motifs responsible for its redox activity. It is implicated in several metabolic pathways and has indirect ties to drug efficacy, metabolism-related disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases.
- Other names
- CYB5BCytochrome b5 outer mitochondrial membrane isoformCYB5MOMB5
02
Mechanism of action
Electron donation to cytochrome P450s and other oxygenases, altering their metabolic activities, which can increase, decrease, or have no effect on drug metabolism dependent on substrate and isoform.
03
Biological functions
Electron transport for multiple membrane-bound oxygenasesFacilitates metabolic processes including fatty acid desaturation, elongation, and steroid/cholesterol biosynthesisModulates cytochrome P450 enzyme activity, affecting drug metabolism and detoxificationHeme bindingNitric oxide biosynthetic processes (component of nitric-oxide synthase complex)
04
Disease associations
Linked to neurodegeneration (Alzheimer’s disease 13)Associated with Robinow Syndrome, Autosomal Dominant 2Potential roles in metabolic disorders through impacts on lipid/cholesterol metabolismIndirect relevance for diseases influenced by cytochrome P450 activity, e.g., certain cancers, drug metabolism disorders
05
Safety considerations
No notable safety concerns identified in the results; however, as it modulates cytochrome P450, dysregulation could affect drug metabolism, potentially leading to altered pharmacokinetics, drug toxicity, or therapeutic failure.
06
Interacting drugs
Drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes may interact indirectly with cytochrome b5 type B, as it modulates the activity of these enzymes. Specific drug lists are not found in the results, but typical substrates include those for major P450 isozymes (e.g., CYP2D6, CYP3A4).
07
Biomarkers
No direct biomarkers found in search results for clinical patient selection or efficacy monitoring.
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