Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor COX19 (COX19)

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor COX19 (COX19) is a conserved mitochondrial protein, present in fungi, plants, and animals, including humans, characterized by a twin Cx9C motif and features a helical hairpin structure[2]. COX19 plays a critical role in the *biogenesis of the mitochondrial respiratory chain*—specifically in the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV). It participates in a redox-regulated, dynamic interaction with COX11, a copper transfer protein, facilitating the transfer and incorporation of copper ions into the catalytic core of cytochrome c oxidase[2]. This function is essential for stable respiratory chain activity. COX19 is considered an *assembly factor* rather than a classic therapeutic target such as a receptor or enzyme, and there are no current drugs that modulate its activity. Its pivotal biological function is ensuring proper mitochondrial respiration by supporting the maturation of cytochrome c oxidase through copper delivery, with activity regulated by oxidative modifications[2][1]. No safety concerns or biomarker roles for COX19 are currently described.

Other names

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX19hCOX19MGC104475COX19 cytochrome c oxidase assembly homologCOX19, cytochrome c oxidase assembly factorcytochrome c oxidase assembly homolog 19

Not applicable (no known drugs target COX19)