Target intelligence / Profile preview

Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System (CYP)

Target
CYP
Molecular classification
Enzyme, Monooxygenase, Heme-thiolate protein
01

Overview

The cytochrome P-450 enzyme system (CYP) is a superfamily of heme-containing monooxygenases crucial for the metabolism of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics, including drugs and environmental chemicals. CYPs catalyze oxidation reactions, primarily hydroxylation, increasing the water solubility of hydrophobic molecules for excretion. Genetic polymorphisms in CYP genes lead to variations in drug response, affecting efficacy and toxicity. They are central targets for understanding pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics.

Other names
Cytochrome P450CYP450CYP
02

Mechanism of action

Oxidation of substrates, making them more water-soluble for excretion. Activation of prodrugs.

03

Biological functions

Drug metabolismXenobiotic metabolismSteroid biosynthesisFatty acid metabolismDetoxificationProcarcinogen activation/deactivationElectron transfer
04

Disease associations

CancerDrug toxicityPharmacogenetic disorders
05

Safety considerations

Drug-drug interactions due to competition for CYP enzymesDrug toxicity due to impaired CYP activityTherapeutic failure due to increased CYP activityInterindividual variability in drug response due to genetic polymorphisms
06

Biomarkers

CYP genotype for predicting drug responseCYP enzyme activity levels

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