Cytochrome P450 14-alpha-demethylase (CYP51)

Molecular Classification

Enzyme, Cytochrome P450 superfamily, Monooxygenase, Heme protein

Other Names

Sterol 14α-Demethylase, Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, Sterol 14-demethylase, P45014DM

Disease Roles

InfectionCancer

Cytochrome P450 14-alpha-demethylase Overview

Cytochrome P450 14-alpha-demethylase (CYP51) is an essential enzyme in sterol biosynthesis, catalyzing the removal of the 14α-methyl group from sterol precursors like lanosterol in animals and eburicol in fungi. It is a critical drug target, particularly for antifungal azoles, and is involved in cholesterol and ergosterol production.

Mechanism of Action

Inhibition of sterol biosynthesis by binding to the heme iron, blocking demethylation reaction.

Biological Functions

Sterol biosynthesis

Cholesterol biosynthesis

Ergosterol production

Phytosterol synthesis

Oxidation-reduction process

Response to drugs

Response to toxins

Cell growth mode switching

Disease Associations

Infection

Cancer

Safety Considerations

Drug resistance due to CYP51 mutations
Drug resistance due to CYP51 overexpression

Interacting Drugs

Azoles (Imidazoles/Triazoles)