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Cytochrome P450 26A1
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Cytochrome P450, Monooxygenase, Oxidoreductase
01
Overview
Cytochrome P450 26A1 (CYP26A1) is an endoplasmic reticulum-associated enzyme that primarily metabolizes retinoic acid (RA), an active metabolite of vitamin A. It catalyzes both the 4-hydroxylation and the less common 18-hydroxylation of all-trans-retinoic acid. By regulating RA levels, CYP26A1 plays a crucial role in controlling gene expression during embryonic development as well as in adult tissues. Its activity is critical for normal embryo implantation and its dysregulation is associated with developmental defects and diseases such as embryonal carcinoma and acute promyelocytic leukemia.
- Other names
- CP26CYP26P450RAIP450RAI1
02
Mechanism of action
Catalyzes the 4-hydroxylation and 18-hydroxylation of all-trans-retinoic acid, regulating its levels.
03
Biological functions
Retinoic acid metabolismRegulation of RA-dependent gene expressionDrug metabolismCholesterol synthesisSteroid synthesisLipid synthesisEmbryonic developmentImmune modulation at maternal-fetal interface
04
Disease associations
Embryonal carcinomaAcute promyelocytic leukemiaColorectal cancerNeural tube defectsSpina bifida
05
Safety considerations
Developmental defects (e.g., spina bifida) with loss of functionPotential impact on embryo implantation and maternal-fetal interface
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