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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Cytochrome P450 Enzyme (CYP)
- Target
- CYP
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Monooxygenase, Heme-containing enzyme
01
Overview
Cytochrome P450 enzymes are a large and diverse superfamily of heme-containing enzymes that primarily function as monooxygenases. They play crucial roles in the metabolism of endogenous compounds (such as steroids, fatty acids, and hormones) and the detoxification of xenobiotics, including drugs and environmental chemicals. Genetic polymorphisms lead to interindividual differences in enzyme activity which significantly affect drug efficacy and toxicity profiles among patients. Some members also activate procarcinogens into carcinogenic intermediates.
- Other names
- P450CYPsCytochrome P-450 monooxygenase
02
Mechanism of action
Hydroxylation of substrates via monooxygenase activity; insertion of one oxygen atom into substrate while reducing the other to water.
03
Biological functions
Drug metabolismXenobiotic detoxificationSteroid biosynthesisFatty acid metabolismHormone metabolismCholesterol synthesisVitamin D metabolismEicosanoid synthesis
04
Disease associations
CancerAdverse drug reactionsDrug toxicityPharmacogenetic disorders
05
Safety considerations
Drug-drug interactions due to CYP inhibition or inductionAdverse drug reactions due to genetic polymorphisms in CYP genesActivation of procarcinogens into carcinogens
06
Interacting drugs
Numerous drugs metabolized by CYPs
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
CYP genotype for drug response predictionCYP enzyme activity levels
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